CentOS10部署Zabbix7详细教程（从零开始搭建企业级监控平台）

1. 环境准备

首先更新系统并安装必要工具：

    sudo dnf update -ysudo dnf install -y curl wget vim  

关闭防火墙和SELinux（或开放端口）：

    sudo systemctl stop firewalldsudo systemctl disable firewalldsudo setenforce 0sudo sed -i "s/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=permissive/" /etc/selinux/config  

2. 安装MariaDB数据库

Zabbix7支持多种数据库，这里以MariaDB为例：

    sudo dnf install -y mariadb-server mariadbsudo systemctl enable --now mariadb  

运行安全脚本设置root密码等：

    sudo mysql_secure_installation  

3. 安装Zabbix仓库和组件

添加Zabbix官方仓库：

    sudo rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/7.0/rhel/10/x86_64/zabbix-release-7.0-1.el10.noarch.rpmsudo dnf clean all  

安装Zabbix server、agent和前端：

    sudo dnf install -y zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-agent zabbix-nginx-conf  

4. 创建数据库和用户

登录MariaDB创建Zabbix数据库：

    sudo mysql -uroot -pCREATE DATABASE zabbix CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_bin;CREATE USER "zabbix"@"localhost" IDENTIFIED BY "your_password";GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON zabbix.* TO "zabbix"@"localhost";SET GLOBAL log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1;QUIT;  

5. 导入Zabbix数据库架构

解压并导入数据：

    zcat /usr/share/zabbix-sql-scripts/mysql/server.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p zabbix  

完成后关闭log_bin_trust_function_creators：

    sudo mysql -uroot -p -e "SET GLOBAL log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0;"  

6. 配置Zabbix Server

编辑配置文件 /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf：

    DBHost=localhostDBName=zabbixDBUser=zabbixDBPassword=your_password  

7. 配置PHP和Nginx

Zabbix前端需要PHP，编辑Nginx配置 /etc/nginx/conf.d/zabbix.conf：

    server {    listen       80;    server_name  example.com;    root         /usr/share/zabbix;    index        index.php;    location / {        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;    }    location ~ \.php$ {        fastcgi_pass   unix:/run/php-fpm/zabbix.sock;        fastcgi_index  index.php;        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;        include        fastcgi_params;    }}  

PHP-FPM配置：

    sudo sed -i "s/^max_execution_time = .*/max_execution_time = 300/" /etc/php-fpm.d/zabbix.confsudo sed -i "s/^max_input_time = .*/max_input_time = 300/" /etc/php-fpm.d/zabbix.confsudo sed -i "s/^memory_limit = .*/memory_limit = 256M/" /etc/php-fpm.d/zabbix.confsudo sed -i "s/^post_max_size = .*/post_max_size = 32M/" /etc/php-fpm.d/zabbix.confsudo sed -i "s/^upload_max_filesize = .*/upload_max_filesize = 16M/" /etc/php-fpm.d/zabbix.confsudo sed -i "s/^date.timezone = .*/date.timezone = Asia\/Shanghai/" /etc/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf  

8. 启动服务

    sudo systemctl enable --now zabbix-server zabbix-agent nginx php-fpmsudo systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent nginx php-fpm  

9. 完成Web安装

浏览器访问服务器IP，按照向导完成安装。默认用户名Admin，密码zabbix。

至此，CentOS10上部署Zabbix7的完整过程结束。您现在可以登录监控系统，开始添加主机和监控项。